Volume 22, Issue 2 No AccessAxial Turbine Blade Tips: Function, Design, and DurabilityRonald S. BunkerRonald S. Bunker General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York 12309Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:23 May 2012https://doi.org/10.2514/1.11818SectionsRead Now ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookXLinked InRedditEmail About Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee PDF for referencesCited byAero-thermal multi-objective optimization of a turbine squealer tip with inclined pressure-side shoulder configuration1 Apr 2025 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 264Investigation on heat transfer characteristics of ultra-large grooved deep blade tip under the influence of multi-factor coupled1 Apr 2025 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 210Effects of cooling hole blockage on heat transfer and film cooling effectiveness of gas turbine squealer tip1 Mar 2025 | International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 112Investigation of Winglet-Cavity Tip on Aerodynamic Performance in Turbine Cascades 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International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 206Performance of a tip shroud with film cooling and labyrinth seals23 December 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 12Investigation of burnout effect in turbine blade tip leakage at transonic conditions: a numerical study25 November 2024 | Engineering Research Express, Vol. 6, No. 4Enhanced cooling performance of blade tip slot cooling: Effect of slot open length1 Nov 2024 | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 158Effects of rotor squealer tip with non-uniform heights on heat transfer characteristic and flow structure of turbine stage13 November 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 11Influence of gap size and cavity depth on the performance of a squealer tip with rail crown holes in turbine blades20 November 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 11Sensitivity analysis of turbine stage aerothermal characteristics and blade cooling performance considering combustor swirl and hot spot1 Oct 2024 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 254Tip region vortices control based on cutback squealers in a high-loading axial turbine18 October 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 10Numerical analysis for a novel cooling protection scheme with rail crown holes and streamwise divider wall for the squealer tip in a turbine blade1 Sep 2024 | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 157Experimental Investigation of Tip Design Effects on the Unsteady Aerodynamics and Heat Transfer of a High-Speed Turbine8 April 2024 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 146, No. 9Aerothermal effects of squealer openings on a cavity tip in a turbine cascade25 September 2023 | International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines, Vol. 41, No. 3A high-precision T-spline blade modeling method with 2D and 3D knot adaptive refinement1 Aug 2024 | Advances in Engineering Software, Vol. 194The effect of rail crown film hole injection angle and blowing ratio on the flow and cooling performance of the squealer tip in a turbine blade1 Aug 2024 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 250Development of a tip leakage loss model for high-pressure turbines with squealer tips based on physics-driven and data-driven methods30 August 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 8Effects of the circumferential casing groove configuration on aerothermal performance of a transonic turbine stage1 Jul 2024 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 201Influence of incidence angle and squealer tip cutback on the aerothermal performance of a transonic turbine blade1 Jun 2024 | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 155Aerothermal performance of cavity tip with flow structure effects in a transonic high-pressure turbine blade1 Mar 2024 | Energy, Vol. 291Numerical study of a novel cooling protection scheme with rail crown holes for the squealer tip in a turbine blade15 February 2024 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 36, No. 2Innovative Framework for Robustness Analysis of Blade Multicavity Squealer Tip Aerothermal PerformanceMing Huang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Zhigang Li and Jun Li1 June 2023 | Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol. 38, No. 1Conjugated heat transfer simulation of flow mechanism and heat transfer characteristic of sweeping jet impinging on leading edge in turbine cascade1 Jan 2024 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 236Effect of multi-cavity on the aerothermal performance robustness of the squealer tip under geometric and operational uncertainties1 Jan 2024 | Energy, Vol. 287Effects of Reynolds Number and Tooth Front Angle on Leakage Loss and Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Rotating Labyrinth Seal20 October 2023 | Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, Vol. 16, No. 1Aerothermal optimization of turbine cascade squealer tip with non-uniform squealer height1 November 2023 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 35, No. 11Effect of wear damage on aero-thermal performance of the film-cooled squealer tip in a turbine stage26 April 2023 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 237, No. 7Comprehensive Aerothermal Investigation of Turbine Blade Multicavity Squealer Tip Using a Novel Methodology With Uncertainty Quantification25 July 2023 | Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, Vol. 15, No. 10Review of Turbine Cooling Technologies19 July 2023 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 145, No. 9Modifications of double-rim geometry to improve thermal performance of squealer tip in a turbine stage30 March 2023 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 237, No. 6Mass Flow Function Correlation for Solid and Honeycomb Land Labyrinth Seals including Fin Front Angle, Clearance, Fin Number and Honeycomb Geometry1 September 2023 | Machines, Vol. 11, No. 9Effects of the multicavity tip coolant injection on the blade tip and the over tip casing aerothermal performance in a high-pressure turbine cascade3 August 2022 | Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, Vol. 84, No. 4A Short Introduction of Blade Cooling Mechanisms in Old Gas Turbines with the Aim of Proper Distribution of Temperature Profile29 December 2023 | Journal of Advanced Thermal Science Research, Vol. 10Experimental and computational assessment into the heat transfer for the blade multicavity tips1 Jul 2023 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 230Refined flow organization in squealer tip gap and its impact on turbine aerodynamic performance1 Jul 2023 | Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 138Active Flow Control for Passage Vortex Reduction in a Linear Turbine Cascade with Various Tip Clearance Sizes Using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuator16 July 2023 | Aerospace, Vol. 10, No. 7Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Multicavity Tips at Different Turbulence Levels12 January 2023 | ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 145, No. 6Aerodynamic Performance and Leakage Flow in Turbine Cascades With Sweeping Jet Actuators30 January 2023 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 145, No. 6Local heat and mass transfer in a rotor-stator system with hub inflow: Thermal boundary layer and superposition effect1 May 2023 | International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 144Thermal performance improvement on winglet tip of a turbine stage under engine condition-part I: Winglet geometry modifications19 September 2022 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 237, No. 3Thermal performance improvement on winglet tip of a turbine stage under engine condition-part II: Ejection angle adjustment17 August 2022 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 237, No. 3Effects of Ribbed-Cavity Tip on the Blade Tip Aerothermal Performance in a High Pressure Turbine Stage21 January 2023 | Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 32, No. 2Effects of inclined squealer rims on tip leakage vortex and loss in a transonic axial turbine21 July 2022 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 237, No. 2Effect of multiple cavities and tip injection on the aerothermal characteristics of the squealer tip in turbine stage1 Feb 2023 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 220Augmented cooling performance in gas turbine blade tip with slot cooling1 Feb 2023 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 201Enhancement of blade tip cooling with different position on tip cooling slot1 Jan 2023 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 200Flow mechanism and heat transfer characteristic of sweeping jet impinging on confined concave surfaces19 January 2023 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 35, No. 1Robustness Analysis on Aerothermal Performance of the Winglet Squealer Tip—Part II: Heat Transfer Performance10 October 2022 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 145, No. 1THE SEALING CAPACITY AND HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF A STRAIGHT-THROUGH 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Apr 2022 | Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 123Effects of the casing step size on the tip leakage flow pattern and heat transfer characteristic of turbine blade squealer tip1 Apr 2022 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 174Effects of casing air injection on film cooling and aerodynamic performances of an axial turbine cascade1 Mar 2022 | Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, Vol. 29Control strategies for tip leakage vortex using inclined squealer rim in axial turbines1 March 2022 | Physics of Fluids, Vol. 34, No. 3Effect of casing purge flow on heat transfer and cooling performance of blade squealer tip for a gas turbine stage19 August 2021 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 236, No. 2Effect of Film Position on the Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Full-Ribbed Rotor Tip22 February 2022 | Frontiers in Energy Research, Vol. 10Evaluating the Influence of Rotor-Casing Eccentricity on Turbine 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Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 235, No. 6Design of Resonant Cavity Based Sensor for High-Temperature Blade Tip Clearance Measurement17 Aug 2021Defining a Testbed for the U.S. Turbine Industry: The National Experimental Turbine (NExT)Karen A. 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Berdanier, Scott Fishbone, Joel Wagner, Richard Dennis, James Black, Patcharin Burke, Doug Straub, Frank O'Neill, Curtis Stimpson, Ardeshir Riahi, Andrew Aggarwala, Sean Bradshaw, Atul Kohli, Dominic Mongillo, Thomas Praisner, Jose Rodriguez, Michael Fox and Yong Kim28 July 2021Multidisciplinary Optimisation of High Pressure Turbine Blade Tip With Turbine Inlet Capacity and Stage Reaction ConstraintsLuka Vincekovic, Ning Qin and Shahrokh Shahpar28 July 2021Effects of Squealer Geometry of Turbine Blade Tip on the Tip-Leakage Flow and Loss7 July 2021 | Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 30, No. 4Aerodynamic topology optimization on tip configurations of turbine blades29 June 2021 | Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol. 35, No. 7Machine-learnt topology of complex tip geometries in gas turbine rotors11 August 2020 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 235, No. 3The effects of tip gap variation on transonic turbine 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Systems and Signal Processing, Vol. 139Experimental investigation of the bending clearance on the aerodynamic performance in turbine blade tip region1 Apr 2020 | Energy, Vol. 197Parameter optimization of the composite honeycomb tip in a turbine cascade1 Apr 2020 | Energy, Vol. 197Effect of arbitrary blade tip design on tip leakage flow14 May 2019 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 234, No. 1Effect of the injection orientation and position on the leakage flow in a honeycomb-tip turbine cascade1 Dec 2019 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 144Effect of clearance jet on aerodynamic performance of centrifugal fan1 Oct 2019 | IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 657, No. 1Modification and optimization strategies for turbine arbitrary blade tips31 January 2019 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 233, No. 6Influence of 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rotor with moving shroud1 May 2018 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 136Experimental and Numerical Study of Honeycomb Tip on Suppressing Tip Leakage Flow in Turbine Cascade30 April 2018 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 140, No. 6Effect of cooling injection on the leakage flow of a turbine cascade with honeycomb tip1 Mar 2018 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 133Aerodynamic optimisation of a winglet-cavity tip in a high-pressure axial turbine cascade26 December 2016 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 232, No. 4Experimental and numerical investigations of tip clearance flow and loss in a variable geometry turbine cascade22 July 2017 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 232, No. 2Experiment study of aerodynamic performance for the suction-side and pressure-side winglet-cavity tips in a turbine blade cascade1 Jan 2018 | Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 90Turbine blade tip aero-thermal management: Some recent advances and research outlook22 November 2017 | Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society, Vol. 1Dominant flow structure in the squealer tip gap and its impact on turbine aerodynamic performance1 Nov 2017 | Energy, Vol. 138Effects of flow incidence on aerothermal performance of transonic blade tip clearance flows1 Nov 2017 | Energy, Vol. 139Aerodynamic Optimization of a Winglet-Shroud Tip Geometry for a Linear Turbine Cascade6 June 2017 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 139, No. 10Effects of blade rotation on axial turbine tip leakage vortex breakdown and loss7 July 2016 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 231, No. 9Control of Tip Leakage in a High-Pressure Turbine Cascade Using Tip Blowing7 February 2017 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 139, No. 6Performance Robustness of Turbine Squealer Tip Designs Due to Manufacturing and Engine 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De Maesschalck, C. Lacor, G. Paniagua, S. Lavagnoli, A. Remiot and L. Bricteux3 April 2017 | Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 33, No. 3Cooling Injection Effect on a Transonic Squealer Tip—Part I: Experimental Heat Transfer Results and CFD Validation10 January 2017 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 139, No. 5Cooling Injection Effect on a Transonic Squealer Tip—Part II: Analysis of Aerothermal Interaction Physics10 January 2017 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 139, No. 5Design Considerations for Tip Clearance Control and Measurement on a Turbine Rainbow Rotor With Multiple Blade Tip Geometries16 November 2016 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 139, No. 4The gas and steam turbines and combined cycle in IGCC systems1 Jan 2017Heterogeneous Optimization Strategies for Carved and Squealer-Like Turbine Blade Tips27 July 2016 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 138, No. 12An Experimental and Numerical Study on the Aerothermal Characteristics of a Ribbed Transonic Squealer-Tip Turbine Blade With Purge Flow26 April 2016 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 138, No. 10Aerothermal characteristics of a transonic tip flow in a turbine cascade with tip clearance variations1 Aug 2016 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 107Effect of Winglet-Shroud Tip With Labyrinth Seals on Aerodynamic Performance of a Linear Turbine Cascade22 April 2016 | Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 138, No. 7Computational optimization of the internal cooling passages of a guide vane by a gradient-based algorithm2 May 2016 | Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, Vol. 69, No. 12CFD analysis of the influence of guide ribs/vanes on the heat transfer enhancement of a trapezoidal channel1 Jun 2016 | Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 102Effects of tip cavity geometries on the aerothermal performance of the transonic turbine blade with cavity tip22 January 2016 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 230, No. 3Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Performance for a Straight Turbine Cascade With a Novel Partial Shroud20 October 2015 | Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 138, No. 3Effects of endwall motion on thermal performance of cavity tips with different squealer width and height1 Dec 2015 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 91Inlet conditions effect on tip leakage vortex breakdown in unshrouded axial turbines1 Nov 2015 | Energy, Vol. 91Thermal Performance of Transonic Cooled Tips in a Turbine CascadeChao Zhou29 April 2015 | Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 31, No. 5Numerical Investigation of Aerothermal Characteristics of the Blade Tip and Near-Tip Regions of a Transonic Turbine Blade1 Sep 2015 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 137, No. 9Impact of Cooling Injection on the Transonic Over-Tip Leakage Flow and Squealer Aerothermal Design Optimization1 Jun 2015 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 137, No. 6Numerical Computation and Optimization of Turbine Blade Film Cooling12 February 2015 | Advances in Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 0Blade Tip Carving Effects on the Aerothermal Performance of a Transonic Turbine16 September 2014 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 137, No. 2Reduction of turbine tip clearance losses at design and off-design incidences by non-uniform tip injection8 July 2014 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vol. 228, No. 8Control of Tip Leakage Vortex Breakdown by Tip Injection in Unshrouded TurbinesJie Gao, Qun Zheng, Ping Dong and Xiaohui Zha20 October 2014 | Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 30, No. 6Application of conjugate heat transfer and fluid network analysis to improvement design of turbine blade with integrated cooling structures6 December 2013 | Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 228, No. 12Squealer Tip Leakage Flow Characteristics in Transonic Condition10 December 2013 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 136, No. 4Retrofit design of composite cooling structure of a turbine blade by fluid networks and conjugate heat transfer methods11 December 2013 | Science China Technological Sciences, Vol. 56, No. 12Numerical simulations of heat transfer distribution of a two-pass square channel with V-rib turbulator and bleed holes16 April 2013 | Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 49, No. 8Blade Tips - Clearance and Its Control1 August 2013 | Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 135, No. 08Aerothermal Investigation of Backface Clearance Flow in Deeply Scalloped Radial Turbines31 October 2012 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 135, No. 2Early Assessment of Defects and Damage in Jet Engines1 Jan 2013 | Procedia CIRP, Vol. 11Film Cooling Optimization Using Numerical Computation of the Compressible Viscous Flow Equations and Simplex Algorithm1 Jan 2013 | International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, Vol. 2013Effects of Endwall Motion on the Aero-Thermal Performance of a Winglet Tip in a HP Turbine17 September 2012 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 134, No. 6Reduction of Tip Clearance Losses in an Unshrouded Turbine by Rotor Casing Contouring Jie Gao , Qun Zheng and Guoqiang Yue 7 August 2013 | Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 28, No. 5Convective cooling optimization of a blade for a supercritical steam turbine1 Aug 2012 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, No. 17-18Recent Advances in Turbine Heat Transfer—With A View of Transition to Coal-Gas Based Systems11 January 2012 | Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 134, No. 3Effects of turbine blade tip shape on total pressure loss and secondary flow of a linear turbine cascade1 Feb 2012 | International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 33, No. 1Computational analysis of the influences of guide ribs/vanes on enhanced heat transfer of a turbine blade tip-wall1 Jan 2012 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 51Overtip Choking and Its Implications on Turbine Blade-Tip Aerodynamic Performance Q. Zhang and L. He 6 September 2013 | Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 27, No. 5Optimization of blade cooling system with use of conjugate heat transfer approach1 Sep 2011 | International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 50, No. 9Numerical investigations on the steady and unsteady leakage flow and heat transfer characteristics of rotor blade squealer tip14 July 2011 | Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 20, No. 4Comparisons of Pins/Dimples/Protrusions Cooling Concepts for a Turbine Blade Tip-Wall at High Reynolds Numbers10 March 2011 | Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 133, No. 6Gas Turbine Engines: Turbine Cooling15 December 2010Numerical predictions of augmented heat transfer of an internal blade tip-wall by hemispherical dimples1 Dec 2010 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, No. 25-26Gas Turbine Blade Tip Heat Transfer and Cooling: A Literature Survey1 Jun 2010 | Heat Transfer Engineering, Vol. 31, No. 7Computational Analysis of Pin-Fin Arrays Effects on Internal Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Blade Tip Wall30 December 2009 | Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 132, No. 3Desensitization of Tip Clearance Effects in Axial Flow Turbines1 Jan 2010 | Journal of Fluid Science and Technology, Vol. 5, No. 2Effects of Tip Cavity Depth, Width, and Location on the Leakage Flow in an Axial Turbine Cascade1 Jan 2010 | Journal of Fluid Science and Technology, Vol. 5, No. 3Control of Leakage Flow by Triple Squealer Configuration in Axial Flow Turbine1 Jan 2010 | TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, Vol. 53, No. 179Effect of Inlet Flow Angle on Gas Turbine Blade Tip Film Cooling8 April 2009 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 131, No. 3Enhanced Internal Heat Transfer on the Tip-Wall in a Rectangular Two-Pass Channel (AR = 1:2) by Pin-Fin Arrays16 Apr 2009 | Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, Vol. 55, No. 8Analysis of Some Improved Blade Tip Concepts1 February 2005 | Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 128, No. 4 What's Popular Volume 22, Number 2March 2006 Metrics Crossmark TopicsAircraft EnginesCombustion ChambersCombustorsEnergyEnergy EconomicsEnergy Forms, Production and ConversionEnergy ProductionGas TurbinePower StationPropulsion and PowerTurbinesTurbomachineryWind EngineeringWind Turbine KeywordsDurabilityHigh Pressure TurbineHeat Transfer CoefficientsAmerican Society of Mechanical EngineersAerodynamic DesignActive Clearance ControlOverall Pressure RatioFan BladesPower SystemPower PlantsDigital Published online23 May 2012