Photometric Attitude Estimation for Agile Space Objects with Shape Uncertainty
Abstract
The problem of estimating attitude for actively maneuvering or passively rotating space objects with unknown mass properties/external torques and uncertain shape models is addressed. To account for agile space object maneuvers, angular rates are simply assumed to be random inputs (e.g., process noise), and model uncertainty is accounted for in a bias state with dynamics derived using first principles. Bayesian estimation approaches are used to estimate the resulting severely non-Gaussian and multimodal state distributions. Simulated results are given, conclusions regarding performance are made, and future work is outlined.
References
[1] “Space Operations,” U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, Joint Publ. 3-14, Jan. 2009.
[2] , “Determination of Pole Orientations and Shapes of Asteroids,” Asteroids II, edited by Binzel R. P., Gehrels T. and Matthews M. S., University of Arizona Press, Tuscon, AZ, 1989, pp. 67–97.
[3] , “Optimization Methods for Asteroid Lightcurve Inversion, II: The Complete Inverse Problem,” Icarus, Vol. 153, No. 1, 2001, pp. 37–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6674 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[4] , “Optimization Methods for Asteroid Lightcurve Inversion, I: Shape Determination,” Icarus, Vol. 153, No. 1, 2001, pp. 24–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6673 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[5] , “Determination of Convex Bodies by Their Brightness Functions,” Mathematika, Vol. 40, No. 2, 1993, pp. 161–168. doi:https://doi.org/10.1112/S0025579300006951 MTKAAB 0025-5793
[6] , “Interpretation of Lightcurves of Atmosphereless Bodies, I: General Theory and New Inversion Schemes,” Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 259, June 1992, pp. 318–332. AAEJAF 0004-6361
[7] , “Interpretation of Lightcurves of Atmosphereless Bodies, II: Practical Aspects of Inversion,” Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 259, June 1992, pp. 333–340. AAEJAF 0004-6361
[8] LCInvert Installation and Operating Instructions, Bdw Publ., Colorado Springs, CO, 2009.
[9] , “Distribution of Spin Axes and Senses of Rotation for 20 Large Asteroids,” Icarus, Vol. 68, No. 1, 1986, pp. 1–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(86)90072-2 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[10] , “Models of Twenty Asteroids from Photometric Data,” Icarus, Vol. 159, No. 2, 2002, pp. 369–395. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2002.6907 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[11] , “Shapes and Rotational Properties of Thirty Asteroids from Photometric Data,” Icarus, Vol. 164, No. 2, 2003, pp. 346–383. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00146-5 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[12] , “Spin Vectors in the Koronis Family: Comprehensive Results from Two Independent Analyses of 213 Rotation Lightcurves,” Icarus, Vol. 162, No. 2, 2003, pp. 285–307. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00029-0 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[13] , Asteroid Photometric Catalogue, Uppsala Univ. Press, Uppsala, Sweden, 1987.
[14] , “Statistical Inversion of GAIA Photometry for Asteroid Spins and Shapes,” The Three-Dimensional Universe with Gaia, Vol. 576, European Space Agency, Villafrance, Spain, 2005, pp. 321–324.
[15] , “Photometry and Models of Eight Near-Earth Asteroids,” Icarus, Vol. 167, No. 1: Special Issue on DS1/Comet Borrelly, 2004, pp. 178–196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2003.09.012 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[16] , “Asteroid 243 Ida: Groundbased Photometry and a Pre-Galileo Physical Model,” Icarus, Vol. 105, No. 2, 1993, pp. 310–325. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.1993.1129 ICRSA5 0019-1035
[17] , “Reconstruction of Convex Bodies from Brightness Functions,” Discrete and Computational Geometry, Vol. 29, No. 2, 2003, pp. 279–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-002-0759-2 DCGEER 1432-0444
[18] , “Photometric Signature Inversion,” Unconventional Imaging II, edited by Gamiz V. L., Idell P. S. and Strojnik M. S., Vol. 6307, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2006, Paper 63070E.
[19] , “Posterior Cramer–Rao Bounds for Discrete-Time Nonlinear Filtering,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 46, No. 5, May 1998, pp. 1386–1396. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/78.668800 ITPRED 1053-587X
[20] , “A Statistical Analysis of Shape Reconstruction from Areas of Shadows,” Signals, Systems and Computers, Vol. 1, Nov. 2002, pp. 916–920.
[21] , “Non-Imaging Attitude and Shape Determination,” Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, Sept. 2005.
[22] , “Separating Attitude and Shape Effects for Non-Resolved Objects,” Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, Curran Associates, Inc., Redhook, NY, Sept. 2007.
[23] , “AMOS Observations of NASA’s IMAGE Satellite,” Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, Curran Associates, Inc., Redhook, NY, Sept. 2006.
[24] , “A Reflectance Model for Computer Graphics,” Computer Graphics, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1981, pp. 307–316. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/965161 CGRADI 0097-8930
[25] , “Lightcurve Inversion Program for Non-Resolved Space Object Identification,” Maui High Performance Computing Center: Application Briefs 2006, Maui High Performance Computing Center, Kihei, HI, 2006, pp. 8–9.
[26] , “An Anisotropic Phong BRDF Model,” Journal of Graphical Tools, Vol. 5, No. 2, 2000, pp. 25–32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10867651.2000.10487522 1086-7651
[27] , “Satellite Characterization: Angles and Light Curve Data Fusion for Spacecraft State and Parameter Estimation,” Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, Curran Associates, Inc., Redhook, NY, Sept. 2007.
[28] , “Time-Resolved I-Band Photometry of Calibration Spheres and NaK Droplets,” Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 44, No. 4, 2007, pp. 910–919. doi:https://doi.org/10.2514/1.27464 JSCRAG 0022-4650
[29] , “Attitude Estimation from Light Curves,” Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 32, No. 5, 2009, pp. 1648–1651. doi:https://doi.org/10.2514/1.44254 JGCDDT 0162-3192
[30] , “Astrometric and Photometric Data Fusion for Resident Space Object Orbit, Attitude, and Shape Determination via Multiple-Model Adaptive Estimation,” AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, AIAA Paper 2010-8341, Aug. 2010.
[31] , Beyond the Kalman Filter, Artech House, Boston, 2004, Chaps. 1, 3.
[32] , Analytical Mechanics of Space Systems, 2nd ed., AIAA, Reston, VA, 2009, Chaps. 3, 4.
[33] , “Experimental Analysis of BRDF Models,” Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, Eurographics Association, Geneva, April 2005.
[34] , “Models of Light Reflection for Computer Synthesized Pictures,” SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, Vol. 11, No. 2, July 1977, pp. 192–198. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/965141.563893 00978930
[35] , “A Comprehensive Physical Model for Light Reflection,” SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, Vol. 25, No. 4, July 1991, pp. 175–186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/127719.122738 00978930
[36] , “Measuring and Modeling Anisotropic Reflection,” SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, Vol. 26, No. 2, July 1992, pp. 265–272. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/142920.134078 00978930
[37] , “Non-Linear Approximation of Reflectance Functions,” Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH’97, ACM Press/Addison-Wesley, New York, 1997, pp. 117–126.
[38] , “A Data-Driven Reflectance Model,” ACM Transactions on Graphics, Vol. 22, No. 3, 2002, pp. 759–769. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/882262.882343 ATGRDF 0730-0301
[39] , “A Comparison of Four BRDF Models,” Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, April 2004.
[40] , “Illumination for Computer Generated Pictures,” Communications of the ACM, Vol. 18, No. 6, June 1975, pp. 311–317. doi:https://doi.org/10.1145/360825.360839 CACMA2 0001-0782
[41] , “Novel Approach to Nonlinear/Non-Gaussian Bayesian State Estimation,” IEE Proceedings, F: Communications, Radar, and Signal Processing, Vol. 140, No. 2, 1993, pp. 107–113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-f-2.1993.0015 0956375X
[42] , “Monte Carlo filter and Smoother for Non-Gaussian Non-Linear State Space Models,” Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1996, pp. 1–25.