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Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d’Acoustique, UMR 5509, F-69134 Ecully, France

*CNRS Research Scientist, University of Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS; . Senior Member and Associate Fellow AIAA.

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Published Online:1 Dec 2020https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J059610

Abstract

The generation of noise by jets with highly disturbed laminar boundary-layer profiles at the nozzle exit, also referred to as initially nominally laminar jets in the literature, is investigated using large-eddy simulation and linear stability analysis. Four jets at a Mach number of 0.9 and a Reynolds number of $5 \times 10^{4}$ , one with a nonlaminar boundary-layer profile and three others with laminar profiles, are considered for exit peak turbulence intensities equal to 6% in the nonlaminar case and to 9% in the laminar ones. The jets with laminar boundary-layer profiles all radiate greater sound pressure levels than the jet with a nonlaminar profile but weaker initial disturbances. This particularly appears at high frequencies for the jets with a thinner boundary layer compared with the nonlaminar case. These results are shown to be related to the dependence on the shape of the boundary-layer profile of the most unstable frequencies downstream of the nozzle. For a laminar profile, these frequencies are similar to those obtained downstream in the mixing-layer profiles, whereas they are higher for a nonlaminar profile. Despite larger nozzle-exit flow disturbances, this leads to longer-term persistence of coherent large-scale structures in the shear layers, hence stronger velocity fluctuations and noise levels, for the present initially nominally laminar jets than for the other one.

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Volume 59, Number 2February 2021

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Copyright © 2020 by Christophe Bogey. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission. All requests for copying and permission to reprint should be submitted to CCC at www.copyright.com; employ the eISSN 1533-385X to initiate your request. See also AIAA Rights and Permissions www.aiaa.org/randp.

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This work was granted access to the High Performance Computing resources of Pôle de Modélisation et de Calcul en Sciences de l’Ingénieur et de l’Information (PMCS2I) of Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Pôle Scientifique de Modélisation Numérique (PSMN) of ENS de Lyon and Pôle de Calcul Hautes Performances Dédiés (P2CHPD) of Université Lyon I, members of Fédération Lyonnaise de Modélisation et Sciences Numériques (FLMSN), partner of EQUIPEX EQUIP@MESO, and to the resources of Institut du Développement et des Ressources en Informatique Scientifique (IDRIS) under the allocation 2019-2a0204 made by Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif (GENCI). It was performed within the framework of the LABEX CeLyA (ANR-10-LABX-0060) of Université de Lyon, within the program Investissements d’Avenir (ANR-16-IDEX-0005) operated by the French National Research Agency (ANR). The author gratefully acknowledges Roberto Sabatini for his help in performing linear stability analyses from the jet mean flow profiles.

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Received21 March 2020
Accepted15 September 2020
Published online1 December 2020

Generation of Excess Noise by Jets with Highly Disturbed Laminar Boundary-Layer Profiles

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